ANT 251 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Sagittal Crest, Australopithecus, Frontal Lobe
Document Summary
11:46 am: a. africanus, location, 3-2. 2 mya. South africa: more skulls found than any other species, ex: thang child, features, horseshoe shapes jaw, higher forehead. Increased frontal lobe: brain larger, projecting muzzle, bipedalism like a. afarensis. Facial buttressing: heavy zygomatic muscles, more muscle attachment and stronger chewing, woodland savanna, studies. Isotopes on teeth to see what they ate: muscle striation and use to see if they used tools. A. garhi: east africa, 2. 5 mya, similar to a. afarensis. Lacks diagnostic features of its own: thought to be sub-branch of a. afarensis. Sagittal crest present: muscles attach throughout whole head, better at chewing, anatomical features. Large anterior teeth: variation in size and robusticity, grassy plain near lake, found near smashed open antelope. Suggests use of tools to smash open bones. A. sediba: 2008 in south africa, 2-1. 8 mya, features. Less prominent zygomatics: bigger brain, early hominins summary.
