BIO 115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Glycan, Photosystem Ii, Ribulose
Document Summary
Isotopes: same atoms but differ in number of neutrons and therefore differ in mass. Elements: substance made up of one type of atom. All life consists of about 24 elements. Homeostasis: the ability to control/maintain inside of the cell vs. outside environment. Several types of chemical bonds of varying strength. Costs energy for the cell to make/break these bonds. Breaking: usually via heat, enzymes help this occur at a faster rate. Polar: electrons not shared equally between atoms. Form by gain or loss of electrons (charged atoms: ions) ~100x weaker than covalent bonds in water. Dissociate in water, easily broken at room temperature. Form via attraction of positively charged h atoms. Bonds in dna, not much energy needed to pull the strands apart for transcription and replication. Hydrolysis: using water to break a covalent bond. Water used to move waste products from cells (kidney) Turgor pressure of cells supports plants, keeps them from wilting.
