BIO 12 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Hearing Loss, Lateral Inhibition, Brainstem
Document Summary
Communicates with bipolar neurons: more neurotransmitter are released in dark, some inhibitory, some excitatory, graded potentials only (some hyperpolarizing, some depolarizing) Bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cells: some excitatory, some inhibitory. Ganglion cell is first cell in pathway to generate action potentials: axons of ganglion cells = cranial nerve ii, convergence of excitation and inhibition gives complex receptive fields, end up at visual cortex. Ganglionic cells (generate an action potential: optic nerve, optic chiasm the crossings of projections, optic tract. Visual cortex synapses: right visual field goes to left cortex, and vice versa. Mechanical stress moves hair cells to either open or closing of mechanically gated potassium channels. Allow potassium to move in when bend is toward the tall. Increase in depolarization results in the open in calcium channels and results in lots of neurotransmitters being released. Potassium can move into the cell, causing depolarization: results in opening of calcium channels, lots of neurotransmitter being released.
