HPR 010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: First Aid, Implied Consent, Snakebite
12 Jun 2018
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Chapter 1: Background Information
Why is First Aid Important?
- It is etter to ko it ad ot eed it tha to eed it ad ot ko it.
- At least once in your life, you will find a time when you need to know first aid either for
yourself or someone else and it will be good to know how to respond.
Who Needs First Aid?
- Unintentional and intentional injuries need to be recognized as a major threat to public
health. This is considered the neglected epidemic.
- Death statistics do not always reflect the extent or severity of the injury issue as most injuries
are sudden and do not result in death but instead hospitalization or treatment are needed.
- For every person killed in injury, 30 are hospitalized, and 300 treated in emergency rooms.
- Injury Pyramid from top to bottom: Injury resulting in death, injury needing hospitalization,
injury resulting in treatment in an emergency room, injuries treated by first aid providers.
- If not treated properly, les severe injuries can evolve into something serious. If someone is
seriously injured but knows first aid then they can direct others to help them.
- First aid develops safety awareness.
What is First Aid?
- First aid is the behaviors and initial care provided for an acute illness or injury.
o Goals ilude preserig life, alleviating suffering, preventing further illness or injury
ad prootig reoery.
- Standard of care is the level of care legally and ethically required of a provider. To meet the
standard of care when providing first aid, a provider must do what is expected of someone
with first aid training and experience working under similar conditions and treat the person
to the best of his or her ability.
- First aid does not take the place of proper medical care.
First Aid and the Law
- A first aid provider can be sued ut that is rare. Otai a perso’s oset efore touhig
them, follow guidelines learned, explain what you will do to help someone, and stay with the
person until someone else can help them.
- Consent – permission must be given before performing first aid. Touching someone without
their consent is known as battery.
o Expressed consent is verbal permission or a nod of the head.
o Implied consent is where a person is unresponsive and it is assumed that they would
consent to lifesaving interventions. An alert person who does not resist also give
implied consent.
- Incompetent people cannot be restrained without consent unless by a police officer. First aid
cannot intervene unless told by an officer or if the person is going to harm themselves.
- If someone refuses help, you can inform them of their medical condition, what you propose
to do, and why they need help. If they still refuse, call 911 – then try to persuade the person
and have witnesses.
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