RIU 435 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Choroid Plexus, Internal Carotid Artery, Basal Ganglia
2 Dec 2020
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Document Summary
Destruction of cerebral hemispheres by occlusion of internal carotid arteries. Brain parenchyma destroyed and replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Basal ganglia, choroid plexus, thalamus may be spared. Rare abnormality occurs with frequency of approximately. No coexisting structural or chromosomal anomalies are associated. Brain ischemia may result from maternal hypotension, twin-to-twin embolization, or vascular agenesis; has been associated with cocaine abuse. Prognosis grave, with death occurring at birth or shortly thereafter. Some long- term survivors have been reported. Absence of normal brain tissue with almost complete replacement by cerebrospinal fluid. May be confused with severe hydrocephaly, although presence of an intact falx and surrounding rim of brain parenchyma may help to differentiate. Holoprosencephaly with severe ventriculomegaly may have similar appearance. These three anomalies have extremely poor outcomes. Refers to dilation of ventricles within brain. Hydrocephalus occurs when ventriculomegaly coupled with enlargement of fetal head. Incidence of hydrocephalus occurs in 0. 3 to 1. 5 per 1000 live births.
