NUTR 125 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Peripheral Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Document Summary
Healthy body keep blood glucose concentrations from becoming too low or too high. Many diet books use the glycemic index as a guide to good carbs and bad carbs. Cola and sugar rank only moderate on the scale. Some carbohydrate-rich foods raise blood glucose and insulin concentrations higher relative to others. Foods can be ranked on a scale known as the glycemic index. Diabetes ranks sixth among killers in us. Doubles the risk of heart disease and stroke. Leading cause of permanent blindness and fatal kidney failure. Chronically elevated blood glucose alters metabolism in every cell in the body. Type 1 diabetes causes 5 10 percent of diabetes. Autoimmune disorder where person"s immune system attacks the beta cells: insulin- producing pancreas cells. External sources of insulin needed to assist cells to take up glucose. Type 2 diabetes causes 90-95 percent of diabetes. Muscle, adipose, and liver cells lose their sensitivity to insulin i. e. insulin resistance.
