APK 3110C Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Primary Motor Cortex, Postcentral Gyrus, Hindbrain
5 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Cephalization: an elaboration of the rostral (toward the snout) or anterior, portion of the cns, along with an increase in the number of neurons in the head. Folding during development determines the complex structure of the adult brain. Neural tube: the embryonic structure the brain and spinal cord start as. As soon as neural tube forms, anterior end begins to expand and constrictions appear that mark off the three primary brain vesicles. Gray matter: short, non-myelinated neurons and cell bodies. Basic pattern found in cns: central cavity surrounded by gray matter, with white matter external to gray matter. Spinal cord exhibits this basic pattern; however, pattern changes with ascent into brain stem. Brain stem has additional gray matter with nuclei scattered within white matter. Cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum) and cerebellum contain outer layer of gray matter called the cortex. Cerebrum and cerebellum also have scattered areas of gray matter nuclei and white matter.
