BIOL 2221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 40: Median Aperture, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebral Cortex
Document Summary
Begins as a neural tube, which as a neural canal. Anterior(rostral) end expands and constricts in three places. These three places are known as the three primary brain vesicles. Rhombencephalon/hindbrain remaining caudal/posterior portion becomes the spinal cord. After this the 5 secondary vesicles develop rapidly to produce major structures of adult brain. Greatest change in telenchephalon- sprouts two later swelling which become cerebral hemispheres or the cerebrum. Diencephalon specializes to form hypothalamus, thalamus, epithalamus, retina of the eye. Mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon are not changed dramatically they become the midbrain, pons & cerebellum, and medulla oblongata. Midbrain and hindbrain structures - except cerebellum - form the brain stem. Central cavity of neural tube remains continuous and enlarges in four areas to form the fluid filled ventricles- little belly of the brain. Distribution of gray and white matter in the brain. Gray matter consists of short, nonmyelinated neurons and neuron cell bodies. White matter is composed of myelinated and nonmyelinated axons.
