PLANTBI 22 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Gram-Positive Bacteria, Clostridium, Gram-Negative Bacteria
23 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Ants want to eat fungus; but mold also wants to eat fungus: develops antimicrobe. Why do microbes make antibiotics: competition, communication & signaling, concentration made in nature gives some microbes a competitive advantage, studies find that production of antibiotics affect gene expression. Negative: gram negative bacteria : two membranes + thin cell wall, gram positive bacteria : one membrane + thick cell wall. Ingestion of a pathogen -> growth in host -> tissue invasion -> release of toxins: temperature, temperature + pressure, uv / other radiation, filters, disinfectants, antiseptics, antibiotics. How do we catch infectious diseases: airborne, fecal-oral, sexual, oral, direct contact, vertical (parent -> offspring), latrogenic (nonsterile implants), vector (one host to another). Clostridium botulinum: gram positive bacterium, toxins produced/deposited in food by microbes. Ingestion of food results in symptoms: food borne infection, food intoxication. Microbial growth control: physical methods, chemical methods, obligate anaerobic bacterium, spore-former, 250 degrees fahrenheit.
