BIOL-242 Lecture Notes - Lecture 49: Junk Food, Food Group, Adipose Tissue
16 Jun 2020
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Document Summary
Most ingested nutrients used for metabolic fuel. Some for cell structures and molecular synthesis. Heat needed to raise temperature of 1 kg h2o by 1c. Nutrient - substance in food for growth, maintenance, repair. Major nutrients bulk of ingested food. Other nutrients required in small amounts. Eat less overall; plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains; avoid junk food; exercise. Liver can convert many molecules into those needed. Non-essential nutrients vital to life as well. Dietary sources primarily from plants starch (complex carbohydrates) in grains and vegetables. Sugars (mono- and disaccharides) in fruits, sugarcane, sugar beets, honey and milk. Insoluble fiber - cellulose in vegetables; provides roughage. Soluble fiber - pectin in apples and citrus fruits; reduces blood cholesterol levels. Small amount in milk sugar; glycogen in meats. Glucose - fuel used by cells to make atp some cells use fats for energy. Neurons and rbcs ~ entirely on glucose; neurons die quickly without glucose.
