PSYC 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Homeostasis, Orgasm, Leptin

• School: York University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 1010
• Professor: Rebecca Jubis

Document Summary

Pysc1010module32basicmotivationalconcepts motivationsare aneedordesirethatenergizes3directsbehavior exthedesireforgoodgradeswillencouragemetostudymore substanceusedisorderariseswhenwecan"tsubduenegativemotivations thereare 1perspectivesofmotivations instinctsrevolutionarytheory instinctsarecomplexbehaviorsthatareunlearned9withinaspecies theyarealsobiologicallyrooted exthebiologicalimprintinginstinctsthatdirectbirds3fishestotheirhomes. E a arousal e hierarchyofneeds wasproposedbyabrahammaslow itis apyramidofhumanneeds bottomisthemostcritical2essentials3thehigheryougo selftranscendenceinparticularisthehighest3leastessential thelessmanditorytheneed need allaboutpeoplestrivingfortheirmeaning3purposebeyondthemselves somepsychiatristslikeviktorfranklbelievewoutpurposeormeaninglife wouldbeunbearable peopletendtofindmeaninginotherpeoplereligiousthegoalofabetter worldortheirsocialstanding apurposeisagood significanceissomething"svalue coherencemeansthatthings makesense self transcendence findingourpurposeqfmeaningintheworldly in selfactualization outfittingourpotential 7. Psyc1010module33 hunger moreimportantlysurvival hungerisoneofthemostpowerfulphysiologicalneeds cseenbykey"sin hismilitaryhungerexperiment it isthelowestneedonthehierarchyofneeds3thereforethemostessentialtofillforsatisfaction3 elseseemstomatter ithijacksthemindwhenitisdeprivedcontrolling airofyourtroughs3decisionstowardsfood3nothing bottomlineismotiveslikehungermatteragreatdeal physiologyofhunger hisstomach"scontractions wefeelhungerwhenwearenolongerinhomeostasis. 4howeverevenpeoplewithoutstomachsstillfeelhunger bodychemistryandthebrain ourbodykeepstabsonallourresources glucoseis aformofsugarthatcirculatestheblood3providesenergytocons3tissues whenglucoseislow thesensationofhungeristriggeredbythebrain yourbraintriggersthesefeelingsthroughneuralareaslikethehypothalamusorthearcuatenucleuswhich thehypothalamusisconnectedtotherestofourbodiesthroughbloodvesselssoitcansense3respondto secreteshungerhormones changesinourbodychemistry theghrelinhormoneissecretedbyanemptystomachtellingthebrainit"shungry theorexinhormoneisthehungertriggeringhormonereleasedbythehypothalamus insulindecreasesappetiteasitissecretedbythepancreas3controlsbloodglucoselevels leptinisahormonesecretedbyfatoeus3cancausethebraintoincreasemetabolism3decreasehunger myisadigestivetracthormonethattenthebrainai"mnothungry somehavetriedexperimentallymanipulatingthesehormonestosuppressappetitethrough medication thebrain"sgoalofhomeostasisexplainswhysomepeoplejustmaintaina certainweight thisisdueto asetpointwhereyourweightthermostatisset7yourbodymaintains ifyoutryto someresearchersarguethesettlingpointtheideathatthebodysettleson aweight basedoncaloricintake3theirdailyactivitiesexpenditures basalmetabolicrateisthebody"srestingrateofenergyoutput itadaptsbasedonthescarcityorabundanceoffoodingivensituations loseweight thepsychologyofhunger paulrozinsuggestedpartofknowingwhento eatisrememberingwhenyouhadyourlastmeal tastepreferencesbiologyaculture whensadordepressedwetendtoreachforhighcaloriefoodswhichboosttheserotonin. 3calmsus down ourfoodpreferenceshavebeenfoundto bebiological3genetic but alsoconditioned ex whencontinuousgivensaltyfoodsovertimewedevelop alikingfor it cax a anacquiredtaste neophobiawhichisthedislikeofunfamiliarthingsalsotranslatestofoodas we tend to neurotransmitter avoidunfamiliarfood thiswasadaptedfromourancestorsneedtoalwaysbecautiouswhenencounteringnew possiblypoisonousfoods preferencescanbeadaptive expregnant womenbeingverypickyeaterswlinthe 10mweekwhen adevelopingbaby ismostvulnerabletotoxinsfromfoodforexample situationscanaffect1controloureating knownastheecologyofeating intensemoviescanarouseourappetites thepresenceofothersamplifynaturalbehaviorslikeeating largerservingsizescreatedbiggerappetites morevariety7selectionsoffoodencouragemoreeatingcburtet suggestions1nudges certainfoodsactuaryinfluencesusto consumethem. 3sexualinterest seahormonelevelsfan in laterlife surgery3drugscancausehormonalshifts thesexualresponsecyclewascreatedbymasters7johnson3hadfourstages excitement plateau genitalareasareengorgedwithblood3becomeenlarged1swell thepeakofexcitement men"spenisbecomesfullyenlarged awoman"svaginalsecretionsincrease orgasm resolution musclecontractsoccuralloverthebody pleasureafeelingofsexualreleaseisfeltbybothmale7female bodygraduallyreturnstoitsunarousedstatecfasterreturniforgasmisreached.