BIOL 3051 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Bone Density, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Hip Fracture
20 Apr 2020
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Document Summary
Medications associated w/increase bone loss/fractures: anticonvulsant therapy (phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproic acid) decrease. Bmd, increase fracture risk, increase vitd metabolism: antiretroviral therapy (art) decrease bmd, increase osteoclast & decrease blast, aromatase inhibitors (letrozole & anastrozole) decrease bmd, increase fracture risk, reduce estrogen, canagliflozin, furosemide increase fracture, increase. Major risk factors: low bone mineral density (bmd) Every std decrease in women represents a 10-12% decrease in bone mass & 1. 5-2. 6fold increase in fractures. Cortical bone makes up majority of skeleton (80%) found in long bones (forearm & hips). Trabecular bone found in vertebrae & end of long bones. Trabecular bone is more metabolically active than cortical bone due to higher bone turnover rate. Correct balance needed to accommodate stress & strain & resist fractures. Imbalances impair bone quality & lead to reduced bone strength. Bone strength is integration of bone mass & quality.
