BIOL 2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Hbb, Metaphase, Restriction Enzyme
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Why does a template-dependent DNA polymerase require a primer to initiate DNA synthesis?
DNA polymerase require 5' phosphate to add a new nucleotide | |
DNA polymerase require 3' hydroxyl group to add a new nucleotide |
DNA polymerase require energy by hydrolizing the primers |
Which of the following enzymes is template independent?
Reverse transcriptase | |
Klenow fragment |
DNA polymerase | |
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase |
RNA polymerase |
The natural function of a DNA ligase enzyme is:
Joining together DNA sequences with compatible cohesive ends from two different organisms to yield a recombinant DNA molecule | |
Sealing single stranded nicks in double stranded DNA molecules |
Joining together two blunt ended fragments of DNA within a cell | |
Joining together two single stranded DNA molecules |
The natural function of 3' -> 5' exonuclease activity of a DNA polymerase is to:
Remove the 5' end of the DNA strand that is being copied | |
Remove damaged nucleotide from the template strand |
Remove nucleotides from the end of DNA to generate blunt ends | |
Remove incorrect nucleotides from the newly synthesized DNA |
Which technique is used to resolve the different sizes of DNA fragments?
Gene cloning | |
PCR |
DNA sequencing | |
Gel electrophoresis |
Which of the following vectors does not contain bacterial origin of replication (oriC)?
plasmid | |
cosmid |
bacterial artificial chromosome | |
lambda vector |
Which process of bacteriophage is not used for gene cloning?
Concatemer formation | |
Lytic cycle |
Lysogenic cycle | |
viral packaging |
What vector would be best suited for creating a contig of bovine (cattle) chromosome 10?
lambda vector | |
Cosmid vector |
P1 vector | |
Plasmid |
E. coli takes up plasmid DNA by which of the following methods?
Transduction | |
Transformation |
Conjugation | |
Transfection |
The following times and temperatures are an example of the steps for PCR. You can use the Figure to help you answer the following questions.
Why is the first step is carried out at 94°C?
To degrade the template | |
To denature the template |
To activate the polymerase | |
To facilitate the primer binding |
What happens in the reaction when the temperature shifts to 55°C during cycling?
the DNA polymerase will carry out DNA synthesis by extending the annealed primers | |
the DNA polymerase will finish DNA synthesis |
the primers anneal to the single-stranded regions of the DNA | |
the primers anneal to the double-stranded regions of the DNA |
During cycling, what occurs when the temperature is at 72°C?
the primers anneal to the double-stranded regions of the DNA | |
the DNA polymerase will carry out DNA synthesis by extending the annealed primers |
the primers anneal to the single-stranded regions of the DNA | |
the DNA polymerase will finish DNA synthesis |
You designed a set of primers to amplify 1 kb DNA with polymerase chain reaction. By which cycle of polymerase chain reaction, we would expect to see the first double stranded DNA with expected size?
The end of cycle 1 | |
The end of cycle 2 |
The end of cycle3 | |
The end of cycle 4 |
Which type of RNA is unique to eukaryotes?
mRNA | ||
rRNA | ||
tRNA | ||
snRNA | ||
Its a trick, all cells have all four types of RNA. |
1 points
QUESTION 2
The region of DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription is the:
origin | ||
promoter | ||
enhancer | ||
none of the above are correct |
1 points
QUESTION 3
Holoenzyme:
is RNA polymerase core enzyme. | ||
is sigma factor. | ||
is core plus sigma factor. | ||
none of the above are correct. |
1 points
QUESTION 4
Which of these is formed FIRST when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter?
The closed promoter complex | ||
The open promoter complex | ||
A rho-independent terminator | ||
none of the above are correct. |
1 points
QUESTION 5
A hairpin loop followed by a run of Us:
is the sequence formed in the sense strand of a gene using a rho-independent terminator. | ||
is the sequence recognized by the rho protein. | ||
is the structure formed in RNA that causes rho-independent termination. | ||
is formed immediately after the open promoter complex is formed. |
1 points
QUESTION 6
RNA polymerase:
reads the template strand of the DNA in the 3' to 5' direction. | ||
synthesizes the RNA in the 5' to 3' direction. | ||
can begin transcription without a primer. | ||
all of the above are correct. |
1 points
QUESTION 7
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Bacteria like E. coli have only one type of sigma factor. | ||
RNA polymerase has no proofreading activity. | ||
The promoter of a gene is upstream of the RNA-coding region. | ||
Bacterial transcriptional terminators are copied into RNA to cause termination. |
1 points
QUESTION 8
If the template strand of a gene has the sequence 5' ATGCGAT 3', then:
the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUGCGAU 3'. | ||
the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' UAGCGUA 3'. | ||
the RNA produced will have the sequence 5' AUCGCAU 3'. | ||
None of the above are correct. |
1 points
QUESTION 9
The sense strand:
is the lagging strand | ||
is also the template strand. | ||
always goes left to right. | ||
none of the above are correct. |
1 points
QUESTION 10
Which of these is transcribed but not translated?
mRNA | ||
tRNA | ||
rRNA | ||
all of the above | ||
tRNA and rRNA are transcribed but not translated. |
please help i am a bit confused