BIOL 2021 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Nuclear Localization Sequence, Nuclear Export Signal, Nuclear Pore
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9 Feb 2018
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Gated transport: active transport through pore requires: sorting signal, 2) receptor, 3) energy source, sorting signal, called a nuclear localization signal (nls) for import. Import receptors are soluble proteins, bind to nucleoporins and nls of cargo (something that"s being carried). They also have domains to recognize nucleoporins, to carry the cargo: different nuclear import receptors bind different nuclear localization signals and thereby different cargo proteins. Some cargo proteins require an adaptor protein to bind to their nuclear import receptor. The adaptors are structurally related to nuclear import receptors and recognize nuclear localization signals on cargo proteins. They also contain a nuclear localization signal that binds them to an import receptor, but this signal only becomes exposed when they are loaded with a cargo protein: energy source = gtp hydrolysis. Fig 12-12 ran gap and gef: gtpase = protein that binds and hydrolyzes gtp, ran-gtpase = for nuclear import and export, carries receptors out of nucleus.