PS267 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Prefrontal Cortex, Suzanne Corkin, Perirhinal Cortex
Memory
● Henry Molaison (Hm) - amnesic patient
○ Had epilepsy as child - 10 seizures a day
○ William Scoville removed the medial temporal structures of HMs brain - one of
the biggest locations for epilepsy
○ Seizures immediately stopped, but had retrograde amnesia - lack of memories
from about 1 year before seizure
○ Then discovered that he had profound anterograde amnesia - couldn’t make new
memories for the rest of his life
○ Permanent Present Tense - Suzanne Corkin book
● The types of memory
● Anatomy of memory
● Mechanisms of memory
● Memory deficits
● The medial temporal lobe memory system
● Imaging human memory
● Memory consolidation
Types of Memory (chart on slideshow)
● Sensory
● Short term and working
● Long term nondeclarative (not one episode of that, takes place over time, usually motor
based)
● Long term declarative (usually language based)
Memory Stages
● Encoding
○ Acquisition → learning how, can be quick
○ Consolidation → so that ability doesn’t go away, takes time
● Storage
● Retrieval
The Anatomy of Memory
● Pic of brain
● Medial temporal lobe system most important
○ Hippocampus
○ Perirhinal cortex
○ Entorhinal cortex
● Fornix - gateway between hippocampus and mammillary bodies/thalamus
● Anterior thalamic nucleus - seems to be involved in recency judgment
● Medial prefrontal cortex - retrieval of information and long term storage/retrieval
● Also lateral prefrontal cortex not in pic
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Had epilepsy as child - 10 seizures a day. William scoville removed the medial temporal structures of hms brain - one of the biggest locations for epilepsy. Seizures immediately stopped, but had retrograde amnesia - lack of memories from about 1 year before seizure. Then discovered that he had profound anterograde amnesia - couldn"t make new memories for the rest of his life. Permanent present tense - suzanne corkin book. Long term nondeclarative (not one episode of that, takes place over time, usually motor based) Acquisition learning how, can be quick. Consolidation so that ability doesn"t go away, takes time. Fornix - gateway between hippocampus and mammillary bodies/thalamus. Anterior thalamic nucleus - seems to be involved in recency judgment. Medial prefrontal cortex - retrieval of information and long term storage/retrieval. Also lateral prefrontal cortex not in pic. Goal to take short term info and put it into long term memory. Present tones to people, standard and deviant tones.
