PS102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Homeostasis, Autonomic Nervous System, Vasocongestion
Document Summary
Motivation: process that in uences the direction persistence, and vigour of goal- directed. There are ve major theories of motivation. Instinct theory: argues that instincts motivate much of our behaviour. Heredity partly accounts for motivational di erences among people. Adaptive signi cance is when people are motivated to engage in behaviours that promote survival advantages. Homeostasis is the internal physiological equilibrium that the body strives to maintain and it requires sensory mechanism, response system and control center. Drive reduction theory: physiological disruptions to homeostasis produce drives to behave in a certain way. Arousal theory: says that we are motivated to pursue an optimum level of stimulation/arousal. Some motivated behaviours increase arousal, others decrease arousal. Yerkes-dodson law: performance on a task is best when the arousal level is optimal for that speci c task. Incentives are stimuli that pull an organism toward a goal.
