Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Oxygen-Evolving Complex, Atp Synthase, Photosynthetic Reaction Centre

35 views4 pages

rubyeagle745

9 Feb 2017

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Electromagnetic energy is given off by the sun due to hydrogen fusion. This energy travels in waves which are determine by the distance between their crests. Light is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see (400-700nm). Photons are energy particles of light; wave-particle duality. The wavelength of the light is inversely proportional to energy. Light has no mass but still interacts with matter. To be used as a source of energy, it must be absorbed. Absorption of light occurs when the energy of the photon is transferred to an electron within a molecule. This excites the electron and moves it farther away from nucleus. A single photon will excite only one electron 1:1. *a photon can be absorbed only if the energy of the photon matches the amount of energy needed to excite the electron. Pigments differ in the wavelengths they absorb due to differences in structure whi h results in each pigment having distinct excited states.

Related Questions

Which of the following best describes the cyclic electron transport carried out by purple photosynthetic bacteria?

A) Absorption of a photon by P960 leads to electron transport through a cytochrome bc_1 complex, then to a pool of quinones, and finally the reaction center is reduced through its quinonesB.) Absorption of a photon by P960 leads to electron transport through a cytochrome bc_1 complex, to a pool of quinones, then to a cytochrome c_2, and finally the reaction center is reduced through its quinones. C.) Absorption of a photon by P960 leads to electron transport through the reaction center quinones to a pool of quinones, to a cytochrome bc_1 complex, and finally the reaction center is reduced through its cytochrome c_2

Which best describers the relationship between photosynthetic reaction centers and light-harvesting complexes?

A) Light-harvesting complexes are needed by photosynthetic reaction centers only during episodes of dim light B.) Light-harvesting complexes absorb most of the photons, and pass the energy randomly among other such complexes until it reaches a reaction center C.) Each photosynthetic reaction center has one light-harvesting complex that directs the energy of absorbed photons to it.

The complete set of reactions carried out by an organism is called:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 2

The breakdown of starch is broken down to glucose is an example of:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 3

For the following statement, determine which description best describes the process: DNA is synthesized from free nucleotides.

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 4

Fill in the blank: Catabolic reactions result in the synthesis of molecules of .............via cellular respiration. This is then used to power anabolic reactions.

Value: 5

The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:

a. it is not possible to release it in a single step.

b. more total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step

c. less total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step.

d. more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

photosynthesis

1-The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include

a. chemiosmosis

b. oxygen liberation

c. glucose synthesis

d. electron transport

Value: 2

Photosynthesis takes place in the membranes of small sacs called

a. thylakoids

b. photosystems

c. stroma

d. photons

Value: 3

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

a. the light-dependent reactions involving photosystems I and II

b. carbon fixation

c. the Krebs cycle

d. O2 is not produced during photosynthesis

Value: 4

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the

a. mitochondria

b. cytoplasm of the cell

c. stroma of the chloroplast

d. thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Value: 5

During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP + Pi and NADP+?

a. the light-dependent reactions

b. the light-independent reactions

c. both of the above

d. none of the above

Value: 6

What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?

a. ATP

b. NADPH

c. glucose

d. H2O

Value: 7

During photosynthesis, photons raise electrons to higher energy levels. These excited electrons belong to what compound?

a. water

b. ATP

c. chlorophyll

d. electron transport chain

Value: 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. photosynthesis occurs only in autotrophs; cellular respiration occurs only in heterotrophs

b. photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP

c. photosynthesis involves the oxidation of glucose; respiration involves the reduction of CO2

d. the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release energy

Photosynthesis

Light Reactions:

Photosynthesis is the process of reducing/oxidizing (circle one) _____________________ to produce ___________________. This overall reduction-oxidation reaction requires _________________ to begin the flow of __________________. Photosynthetic ____________________ absorb light energy and are located in ___________________ found embedded within the membranes of __________________. The most prevalent one include the ___________________ which reflect ________________ light and absorb the other wavelengths of light. Accessory pigments include ___________________. When light energy is absorbed in photosynthesis, electrons of pigment molecules become _________________ and move into higher potential energy _______________. When the electrons return to their previous position, _____________ is passed to the ______________________ pigment molecule. Electrons within this pigment molecule move to a high potential energy state and are âgrabbedâ by _________________________ chains. Electrons from photosystem II are passed to ______________________. Electrons from photosystem I are passed to _________________. As electrons move in the electron transport chain associated with photosystem I/II (circle one), the energy released is used to power ___________ pumps and __________ is produced via a process known as ________________________. Photosystem I/II (circle one) electrons must be replaced to continue the reaction so ____________ is split for its electrons. The products _______________ & _______________ then proceed to the ______________________ cycle.

Calvin Cycle:

The Calvin Cycle can be broken into 3 main series of reactions. In the first group, known as the __________________ step, ______________________ combines with 3 molecules of ____________________ to form 6 molecules of _____________________. This reaction is catalyzed by ___________________. ________________ can act as a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme, shutting down this step in a process known as ______________________________. In the second series of reactions known as the __________________ steps, the molecules produced in the previous step get oxidized/reduced (circle one). The source of electrons is _________from the light reactions. This step is endergonic/exergonic (circle one) and thus requires _______ from the light reactions. Six molecules of _____________________ are produced, ______ (#) of which will continue in biosynthetic pathways to produce __________________. The remaining molecules will then enter the ______________________ steps which require _____________ from the light reaction. In this step, 3 molecules of _______________ are produced so that this cyclic reaction can continue.

Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Oxygen-Evolving Complex, Atp Synthase, Photosynthetic Reaction Centre

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Photosynthetic Reaction Centre, Atp Synthase, Plastoquinone

Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: P700, Atp Synthase, Oxygen-Evolving Complex

Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Electromagnetic Spectrum, Visible Spectrum, Conjugated System

Related Questions