Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Chlamydomonas, Phototaxis, Lysis

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oliveeagle385

27 Mar 2016

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Grind up -eyespot, gather proteins from there. Study the protein to look at biological function. Use mutant (that could not respond to light) to see what codes for channelrhodopsin. Wants to study gene instead of protein. Much harder to go from protein sequence to gene sequence. More than one codon can code for the same amino acid. Dna equivalent to the mrna (codons need to make the functional protein) 2 genes are fused together, makes one protein (translated together) It becomes a chimeric protein due to attachment of eyfp. Not always the case, most of the time sticking another protein on interferes with the function of the original protein. Do this so you can track chr2. Use light to excite yfp (different wavelength from channelrhodopsin) Repository or molecular information (dna, proteins, genome) Lots of sequences available (easier and cheaper to sequence genome) The sequence is great, but we need the actual piece of dna.

Related Questions

Fill in the blank. Elongation during translation does NOT involve ____________.

Question 16 options:

	the translation of codons according to the genetic code
	the formation of bonds catalyzed by the ribosome
	complementary base pairing between RNA molecules
	amino acids being linked together in a polypeptide
	reading the DNA template 3' to 5'

For a given gene, what establishes the reading frame for translation?

Question 17 options:

	the location of the enhancer relative to the gene
	the first three nucleotides at the 5' end of the mRNA
	the first three nucleotides at the 3' end of the mRNA
	the start codon in the mRNA
	the location of the promoter relative to the gene

Which of the following is the LEAST likely direct consequence of a substitution mutation?

Question 18 options:

	changing the length of a protein coded for by a gene
	changing one amino acid in a protein
	creating a stop codon
	eliminating a start codon
	changing the length of the DNA molecule containing a gene

Suppose that the pre-mRNA transcript from a eukaryotic gene is 30,000 nucleotides long, and the gene codes for a sequence of 300 amino acids. What is the best explanation for the relationship between these numbers?

Question 19 options:

	only the first 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated
	it takes 100 nucleotides to specify a single amino acid
	300 of the nucleotides in the transcript are important, and the rest are "junk"
	only the last 900 nucleotides of the pre-mRNA transcript are translated
	large portions of pre-mRNA transcripts are cut out during RNA processing

Suppose an individual is born into a population with a novel mutation. Is the new mutation an evolutionary change, and why?

Question 20 options:

	no, because it is not a big enough change to count
	yes, because new mutations are always adaptive
	yes, because the appearance of a new genetic variant is a genetic change in a population
	no, because not enough individuals have the mutation for it to matter
	no, because most mutations are not adaptive

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Chlamydomonas, Phototaxis, Lysis

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