Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Southern Blot, Cytoskeleton, Trichomonas
15 Mar 2013
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Lecture 10: evolution of eukaryotes: meaning of endosymbiosis and lateral gene transfer. Endosymbiosis: mitochondria, chloroplasts may originate from symbiotic relationships between two prokaryotes. Endomembrane series of intracellular membrane compartments found in eukaryotic cells. Membranes are similar in fatty acid and structures. Having a nucleus means you can control transcription and translation (advantageous: bacteria cannot do this because everything is in the same compartment. Early cell may be anaerobic: small aerobic bacteria advantage with more atp, origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondria and chloroplast derived from free living prokaryotic cells (endosymbiosis: not derived from the same place as the nucleus. Aerobic ancestral bacteria advantage through phagocytosis to bring aerobic bacteria to provide atp. Most eukaryotes have mitochondria: endosymbiosis of aerobic bacterium predated uptake of cyanobacteria. Split into animals and plants (cyanobacterium branch) Aerobic bacterium got taken up first: evidence supporting theory of endosymbiosis.
