Biology 3592A Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cytogenetics, Centromere, Metaphase
22 Sep 2016
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Lecture 5 cytogenetics 1: we can see large abnormalities but not really smaller ones, cytogenetics are basically looking at genomes. 2: cytogenetics study of chromosomes heredity, abnormalities, detect numerical abnormalities (extra chromosome 18 etc), and detect large structural abnormalities (1million base pairs and larger) Molecular genetics now have sequence of entire genome, easy to see where things deviate from standard reference sequence. Molecular cytogenetic fluorescence hybridization, looking at chromosome with microscope but using dna to do so: first study of cytogenetics. Found stainable material, stain stuck to particular things, had stain which stained. Dna, observed movement of stained objects (not knowing these were chromosomes), in mitosis: simply this darkly stained structure which he followed in cell cycle which we now know are chromosomes. Interphase don"t see chromes as well, but later on in cell cycle they become darker (he called them skiens), he was describing mitosis without knowing what they are. Did not know he was working with chromosomes.
