MBG 2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Interphase, Cytogenetics, Isochromosome
19 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Cytogenetics: is the analysis of stained chromosomes and its activity. The most advanced technique used by cytogenetics is called chromosome painting. Chromosome painting creates colourful chromosome images are created by treating chromosome spreads with fluorescently-labeled dna fragments (which have been isolated) Diploid human cells contain 46 chromosomes (44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes) These are xx in females and xy in males. When the chromosomes are properly stained, each chromosome can be recognized by its size and shape. The largest autosome is #1 and smallest autosome is #21. A chart of the chromosome cutouts is called karyote. Ideogram is the pattern of bands within a chromosome. Euploid are organims that have normal, complete sets. Polyploid are organims that carry extra chromosomes. Diploid organisms contain 2 chromosome sets (46 chromosomes) Polyploidy is the presence of extra sets of chromosomes that can affect the organism"s appearance or fertility.
