PSYC 335 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Birth Weight, Philtrum, Intellectual Disability
19 Jun 2018
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Department
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Professor
o Environmental Hazards
Alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Potential Results of Hazards
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
facial deformities, mental retardation, attention problems,
hyperactivity, etc
3000 babies born with FASD each year
characterized by smaller eyes, thin upper lip, smooth philtrum
Cigarettes
slow fetal development
low birth weight
possible links to SIDS
SIDS (sudden infant death)
placing babies on back
avoid wrapping infant in too many blankets
avoid overheating
firm mattress and no pillow
Environmental Pollutants
potential birth defects
Occupational Hazards
automobile exhaust, factory workers
Maternal Factors
age, nutrition, emotional state, mental illness, disease
The Birth Experience
Beginning
o approx. 38 weeks after conception, contractions of the uterine muscles begin, initiating the
birth of the baby
o maturing lungs of the fetus may release a protein that triggers the onset labor
o obstetric medications slow labor and may increase chance for fetal oxygen deprivation
The Newborn Infant
State of Arousal
o the infants level of arousal and engagement in the environment
ranges form deep to intense activity
is an important influence in the newborn's exploration of the world
Crying
o adult aversion to crying may have adaptive value
o early in infancy, crying reflects discomfort or frustration
o crying is gradually a more communicative act
o Characteristics
increases after birth and peaks around 6 weeks; decline to about 1 hr daily for first
year
peak time is late afternoon and evening
o Strategies
rocking, singing, holding infant to shoulder, soothing touch
o Colic
causes unknown, more than 1 in 10 infants affected, leaves no ill effects
Outcomes of birth
Document Summary
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder facial deformities, mental retardation, attention problems, hyperactivity, etc. 3000 babies born with fasd each year characterized by smaller eyes, thin upper lip, smooth philtrum. Cigarettes slow fetal development low birth weight. Placing babies on back avoid wrapping infant in too many blankets avoid overheating firm mattress and no pillow. Beginning age, nutrition, emotional state, mental illness, disease: approx. State of arousal the infants level of arousal and engagement in the environment ranges form deep to intense activity is an important influence in the newborn"s exploration of the world. Peak time is late afternoon and evening: strategies rocking, singing, holding infant to shoulder, soothing touch, colic causes unknown, more than 1 in 10 infants affected, leaves no ill effects. Outcomes of birth: average us weight - 7 (1/2) lbs, low weight - less than 5 (1/2) lbs, normal term , low birth weight. More medicalized complications and development challenges (disorganized state, high pithed cries, being alert,)
