BIO230H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Tyrosine Kinase, Cellular Signalling, Signal Transduction
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BIO230H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Receiving signals: cell-surface receptors (transmembrane receptors hydrophilic molecule, intracellular receptors (small hydrophobic molecules- passes through hydrophobic membrane) Short-distance signalling: contact-dependent signaling (cell surface, paracrine signalling (signals are released from the cell, but act locally, signal movement restricted, internalization of neighbouring cells, signal instability/destruction by enzymes, binding to extracellular matrix molecules. Long-distance signalling: synaptic signalling, neurons extend axons to contact distant cells, but releases signal molecules to act locally, endocrine signalling, secrete hormones into the bloodstream long-range distribution. Cells use signal transduction pathways to respond to extracellular signals. Signal transduction: conversion of signal from 1 molecule form another. Sh2 & ptb domains bind phosphotyrosine-containing sequences (molecules that have been phosphorylated at tyrosines) Connections b/w specific target cells: specificity depends on migration during development. Same signalling molecules can be used at all connections. Different cells can have different responses to the same molecule. Change in signal receptor, or downstream components of the pathway.
