BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Neanderthal Genome Project, Noncoding Dna, Comparative Genomics

• School: UTSG
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO130H1
• Professor: Melody Neumann

Document Summary

Bio 130 lecture 5 genomes, bacterial dna packaging and introduction to eukaryotic. There have been hundreds and thousands of genomes sequenced (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) Has become cheaper and quicker although it takes time to annotate and organize genomes. Approximately 65% of neanderthal genome obtained from ancient dna samples from fossils: the 65% was hard to get and there is the problem of contamination. Approximately 1 4% of dna from anatomically modern europeans and asians may have originated from neanderthals. Much of this neanderthal-derived dna related to immune function. One maternal + one paternal genome = you. Approximately 25 000 genes spread across 23 chromosomes. Xx female, xy male 23rd chromosome. Only 1. 5% of your genome encodes protein. Still do not know what all the dna is doing. There is no such thing as junk dna". Phage has small genome (10 50kb) Contains plasmid (circles of dna) that can replicate. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are organelles that have their own genome.