BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Neo-Darwinism, Genetic Drift, Mendelian Inheritance

• School: UTSG
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO120H1
• Professor: Spencer Barrett

Document Summary

Neo-darwinism: natural selection with mendelian genetics, evolution involves the transmission of traits from parent to offspring. Polymorphism: proportion of gene loci that are polymorphic. Heterozygosity: average frequency of heterozygous individuals per gene locus: mutation caused by random errors during replication, recombination introduces a new combination of mutations, random genetic drift: random sampling effects every generation. *genetic drift: variation in the frequency of different genotypes in a small populations and the chance of particular genes disappearing. Fisher, haldane and wright initiated theoretical population genetics. What processes influence patterns of genetic diversity: natural selection reducing fitness mutations are removed (purifying, positive selection: increasing fitness mutations become fixed, balancing selection: natural selection maintains diversity, heterozygote advantage. Population: mutation, recombination, genetic drift, natural selection. Artificial selection: (the evidence for the existence of genetic variation) Controlled breeding and selection of individuals for many generations. Selection experiments on quantitative traits in different groups of organisms.