PSYB04H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Operational Definition, Statistical Significance, Descriptive Statistics
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Chapter 3 three claims, four validities: interrogation tools for consumers of research: the three types of claims frequency claims, association claims, and casual claims- make statements about variable or about relationships between variables. In contrast, in research on fathers, gender would not be a variable, because it has only one level: every father in the study would presumably be male. Gender would be a constant in this study, not a variable: constant something that could potentially vary but that has only one level in the study in question. Gender cannot be manipulated because researchers cannot assign people to be male or female; they can only measure what gender they already are: other variables cannot be manipulated because it is unethical to do so, i. e. ) Three claims: a claim is the argument someone is trying to make. Frequency claims: frequency claims describe a particular rate or degree of a single variable, i. e. )
