BIOB10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Photorespiration, Chemiosmosis, 3-Phosphoglyceric Acid

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3 Feb 2017

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Light reaction happen in the light and use light directly. Capture the light energy and convert it to chemical energy. Noncyclic electron flow is also referred to the z scheme. Electron transport chain is located in the membrane of the thylakoid. Electron transport chain produces atp through chemiosmosis. Get equal amounts of atp and nadph production. Calvin cycle needs more atp than nadh+ h molecules problem. The cyclic elctron flow compensate for the higher requirements of atp. In cyclic flow you don"t do anything with photosystem (cid:884) Water is split, electron moves through etc, left over protons will be in lumen and there will be a buidup of protons. Protons come back through the membrane using diffusion. Atp and nadph are both reduced and used for the calvin cycle. Slide 24 substrate is when source of phosphate is from substrate, given to adp making atp. Cellular respiration occurs n the mitochondrion and photosynthesis occurs in chloroplast.

Related Questions

In a thylakoid membrane, absorbed light energy is passed from one chlorophyll molecule to another until it is:

Select one:

a. dissipated as heat.

b. released as fluorescence

c. passed to a reaction center.

Question 2

Protons in a chloroplast flow through an ATP synthase from the:

Select one:

a. cytoplasm to the intermembrane space.

b. stroma to the intermembrane space.

c. thylakoid lumen to the stroma.

d. stroma to the thylakoid lumen.

e. intermembrane space to the stroma.

Question 3

Which of the following are produced directly as a result of the movement of electrons through the photosynthetic electron transport chain?

Select one:

a. oxygen and carbohydrates

b. carbohydrates and ATP

c. ATP and NADPH

d. water and carbohydrates

Question 4

If a mutation occurs such that photosystem II no longer functions as efficiently as it should, what might be most directly affected?

Select one:

a. The amount of H2O produced.

b. The rate at which NADPH is produced.

c. The rate at which protons are transported into the stroma.

d. The rate of ATP synthesis by ATP synthase in the chloroplast.

1. Pyruvic acid is produced in __________, and is the starting point for __________.

a. the Krebs cycle; the electron transport chain .

b. The Prep step; Glycolysis.

c. The Krebs cycle; Glycolysis.

d. The electron transport chain; The Prep step.

e. Glycolysis; The Prep step.

2. Which process enables glycolysis to continue to run by generating needed reactants without oxygen?

a. Aerobic respiration

b. Electron transport chain

c. Krebs cycle

d. Fermentation

e. All of the above

3. When water is oxidized by green plants, what is produced?

a. oxygen

b. carbon dioxide

c. sulfur granules

d. hydrogen sulfide

4. In cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons

a. return to chlorophyll in PS I.

b. are used to make ATP & NADPH.

c. are energized in both PSI and PSII.

d. are converted to glucose.

5. In the Calvin-benson cycle:

a. oxygen is used to synthesize sugars.

b. carbon dioxide is used to synthesize

sugars.

c. ATP is formed.

d. light is required.

6. Light dependent reaactions:

a. capture the energy of sunlight with chlorophyll in PS I & PS II

b. make ATP & NADPH using electron transport chains

c. energize electrons in both PSI & PSII

d. include both cyclic and noncyclic pathways

e. all of the above

7. The five-carbon sugars of nucleotides are

derived from either the ______ or ______.

a.pentose phosphate pathway; Entner-Doudoroff pathway

b. pentose phosphate pathway; the Krebs cycle

c. Entner-Doudoroff pathway; glycolysis

d. glycolysis; the Krebs cycle

8. The pentose phosphate pathway provides a means to break down glucose and synthesize

a. DNA

b. six-carbon sugars.

c. peptidoglycan

d. galactose.

champagnewater-buffalo279

1.In which part of the citric acid cycle does substrate levelphosphorylation occur?

2. Is glucose the only source of energy for cells? If not, at whichphase and in which form do other catabolic products typically getconverted to ATP

3. List all the steps (complexes and carriers), in order that theelectrons from NADH typical pass through before getting oxidizedinto water.

5. a) What would be the effect on ATP production of adding asubstance that makes the mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons?b) What would be the effect on pH of the mitochondrial matrix ofreducing the oxygen supply? c) Suppose that the glucose supply tothe cell is greatly reduced. What would be the effect on CO2production by the mitochondria?

6. Cytochrome c has at least two functions in mammalian cells:(1) in the electron transport chain, and (2) in apoptosis(programmed cell death). Describe what cytochrome c does in thesetwo processes (HINT: refer to chapter 15 for apoptosis relatedinformation).

8. Why do plants shut down the Calvin Cycle in the dark if theirATP and NADPH levels fall?

9. In 1-2 sentences, briefly summarize what occurs duringphotosynthesis in light dependent and light independentreactions

10. How did the evolutionary development of photosynthesis set thestage in turn for the evolution of aerobic respiration?

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BIOB10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Photorespiration, Chemiosmosis, 3-Phosphoglyceric Acid

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