BIOA11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Dependent And Independent Variables, Deductive Reasoning, Observational Study
Document Summary
Science: a body of knowledge collected using the scienti c method. The discovery of something new and unknown e. g. , biology, the study of living organisms. ; hypotheses are proposed explanations for those observations. Testable (element of a good hypothesis) hypothesis/ predictions. When a prediction based on a hypothesis is tested and shown to be correct, we say it is. Supported , justi ed not proven : proposing ideas, testing the ideas. Deductive reasoning general principle to predict an expected observation. Controlled experiments: test the effect of a single variable, limit possible alternate hypotheses, differences in results should be due to treatment. Subjects in a study/experiment who are not given the treatment and are still observed. Steps for controlled experiments: random assignment to control or experimental group. Identical participation for both groups except for testing treatment. Double-blind studies: also limit researcher knowledge of participant groups. Hypothesis testing cntd : model systems: used to avoid unethical or impractical tests on humans.
