BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Skeleton, Paleontology, Cladistics

• School: UTSC
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOA01H3
• Professor: Mark Fitzpatrick

Document Summary

Compartmentalization becomes an issue due to our naming system and classi cation. Our classi cation systems are powerful - used to have 2 kingdoms but now 6 bacteria, arachae, protista, plantae, fungi, animalia; shortened it to bacteria, archaea, and eukarya. Protista group is strange because it has multiple different lineages that come towards it and the emphasis now on phylogenetics is through monophyletic branching. Tree of life is most complete so far and is very complex; most variability is seen in eukarya. Phylogeny - the evolutionary history of a species or a group of species. To construct phylogenies, biologists utilize systematics - a discipline focused on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships. Using fossils, morphology, molecules, genes, and dna. Identifying species is crucial to biology and to other parts of life: control agriculture pests and diseases; identify endangered species, manage wildlife; choose plants and animals for research. Data is critical for testing homologous vs. analogous relationships.