BIO207H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Common Carp, Datura Stramonium, Northern Leopard Frog
Document Summary
Vocabulary: aneuploidy a numerical change in part of the genome. Trisomy triplication of one chromosome: hypoploid an organism in which a chromosome or chromosome segment is underrepresented, hyperploid an organism in which a chromosome or chromosome segment is overrepresented, monosomy the absence of one chromosome in an otherwise diploid individual. Nondisjunction leads to changes in chromosome number: nondisjunction is the process of failed chromosome and sister chromatid segregation. It can result in abnormalities in chromosome number. The number of chromosomes in a nucleus and the relative size and shape of each chromosome are species-specific characteristics. The euploid number of chromosomes of an individual is the number of complete sets (e. g. , n, 2n, 3n) If cells contain a number of chromosomes that is not euploid, chromosome number is aneuploid. Chromosome nondisjunction: chromosome nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate as they normally do during cell division.
