BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Convergent Evolution, Marsupial
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Who is more closely related salamanders: lung sh or human. We want to show descent with modi cation through phylogenetic trees. Fro evoltionary trees have huge gaps because we don"t know the ancestor for speci c species. Organisms that are closely related to each other must look somewhat similar to each other. Characteristics that we can use to study if organisms are closely related. 1: taxa that are more similar are likely more closely related that less similar species. Homology = (phenotypic/genetic) similarity due to shared ancestry. Carnassial are a homologous character of all carnivores: they work like a pair of scissors. Homoplasy = similar (analogous) structures that evolved independently. Are not due to common ancestry not useful to phylogenetic tree. They solved functions by developing similar characteristics. All originated from an ancestor and came to hawaii. And then dispersed among the di erent islands.
