BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Pterosaur, Paraphyly, Formal System
Document Summary
The species concept ( what distinguishes a species) Species is the fundamental unit in classifying the diversity of life. Criteria form recognition of species: common descent, must trace ancestry to common ancestral population, smallest distinct grouping, reproductive isolation from other organisms, responds as a unit to evolutionary processes. Phylogenetic species concept (cid:862)the irredu(cid:272)i(cid:271)le (cid:894)(cid:271)asal(cid:895) groupi(cid:374)g of orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)s diag(cid:374)osa(cid:271)ly distinct from other such groupings a(cid:374)d withi(cid:374) there is a pare(cid:374)tal patter(cid:374) of a(cid:374)(cid:272)estry a(cid:374)d des(cid:272)e(cid:374)t. (cid:863) Approach focuses on reconstructing the historical pattern of evolution by tracing descent relationships. Taxonomy: formal system for naming and classifying species established by carolus linnaeus in. Linnaean system for naming species: binomial nomenclature. Form: genus + species i. e. , a species cannot be properly identified without its genus: homo sapiens. Linnaean ranks: kingdom (domain, phylum (division, class, order, family, genus, species. 7 mandatory ranks ( possible sub- ranking may exist) Phyle = tribe and genesis = birth or origin. Study of evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.
