BIO153H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Lung Transplantation, Centromere
Document Summary
Mucous builds up outside of cell, chronic bronchitis. Causes bacterial infections/ poor nutrient absorption in intestines. Treatment= antibiotics for infections, chest pounding to remove mucous, lung transplant. Hereditary (inheritance) = transmission of traits from one generation to the next. During fertilization sperm and egg fuse, 2 sets of genes. Somatic cells= all cells except gametes: 46 chromosomes. During mitosis become condensed and visible: light microscope. Karyotype= images of chromosome pairs, ordered from largest. Homologous chromosomes= pair: same length, centromere position, stain pattern. Sex chromosomes: female= xx, male= xy. Diploid= cell with 2 chromosome sets (2n) Haploid= gametes, single set of chromosomes (n) Fertilization= haploid sperm & haploid egg fuse. Mitosis of zygote generates all somatic cells. Humans= meiosis forms zygote, diploid zygote divides by mitosis. Plants/ algae= alterations of generations: diploid & haploid stages, sporophyte= diploid, haploid= spores (cid:894)doesn"t fuse with another(cid:895, mitosis, to haploid (gametophyte, 2 gametes fuse, fertilization, gametophyte, then sporophyte generations.
