PHA 3112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Tumor Suppressor Gene, Ovarian Cancer, Malignant Transformation
4 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Only heart disease kills more; bad for adults and children. Most common: women = breast, lung, colorectal, men = prostate, lung, colorectal. Treatment: solid surgery, disseminated or adjuvant drugs, radiation. Characteristics of neoplastic cells: different types of cancer differ in phenotype, aggressiveness, and treatment response, persistent proliferation, immortality. When normal cells divide, there is a cap on the xsome (telomere) gets smaller and smaller; with cancer cells, the telomere stays forever: invasive growth. Respect no boundaries; can keep growing into whatever is next to it: formation of metastases. Malignant cells break away and migrate somewhere else in the body. Etiology of cancer: malignant transformation in cellular dna. Tumor suppressing genes are deactivated: caused by chemical carcinogens, radiation, viruses, cancer cells have the same metabolism, signalling, and antigens as normal cells, 70-90% of malignant transformations are due to environmental factors, genetic factors do contribute (ex.
