PHA 3112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Hallucinogen, Bupropion, Reward System
25 Mar 2017
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Source: found in poppy plant, papaver somniferum. Death following od almost always from respiratory depression. Miosis : pinpoint pupils: withdrawal syndrome, rx: iv naloxone. Agonists in low dose but antagonists in higher doses, buprenorphine. Pain: objective assessment very difficult since pain is subjective. Counterproductive fears: md"s prescribe less than needed, rns administer less than was prescribed (pca): patient-controlled analgesia. Nalozone: immediately reverses opioid, withdrawal syndrome if physically dependent. Naltrexone: blocks opioid-induced euphoria, but not craving (doesn"t do anything for craving) No respiratory depression no physical dependence, or abuse . Tolerance: cross-tolerance: tolerance to drug a -> tolerance. To reduce diversion likelihood of legitimate drugs: schedule i no legitimate medical use, high abuse potential, schedule ii-v- some legitimate medical use, some abuse potential. Most common used/abused psychoactive substance in us/canada. Cns depression: activates inhibitor gaba receptors and glutamate receptors. Psychiatric-cognitive function: eg wernicke, korsakoff psychosis. Cardiovascular: type 2 diabetes risk decreases, bone mineral density increases.
