BIO 3124 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Parvovirus, Retrovirus, Cytopathic Effect

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coralbear310

7 Nov 2017

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Document Summary

Absence of dna and rna together in the same virion. Genomes packaged in a protein capsid: virion anatomy. Capsid: protein shell that encloses the genome, protects the genome from physical/chemical/ Nucleocapsid does not include the envelop enzymatic conditions. Receptor proteins (spikes) enable the recognition and attachment to the host cell. For some viruses, the capsid is surrounded by a lipid bilayer (has enzymes or receptors/ spikes required for attachment and penetration) Genomes: single stranded dna, double stranded dna, single stranded rna, double stranded rna, one or more molecules (segmented), can be circular or linear: classi cation of viruses (groups) Viruses are classi ed in groups according to how they reproduce: double stranded dna, single stranded dna, double stranded rna, positively charged single stranded rna (+ = sense, negatively charged single stranded rna ( = anti-sense, rna reverse transcriptase. Viral species: a group of viruses sharing similar genetic information and ecological niche. Subspecies are designated by a number ie. herpesvirus.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1: The rabies virus primarily affects the nervous system. The specificity that the rabies virus has for neuronal host cells is primarily dictated by __________________________.

A. the helical shape of its viral capsid

B. the type of nucleic acid used for its viral genome (single-stranded, antisense RNA)

C. the spikes that protrude from its viral envelope

D. the segmented nature of its viral genome

QUESTION 2: Which of the following genome types has been observed in viruses? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.

A. Single-stranded RNA

B. Single-stranded DNA

C. Double-stranded RNA

D. Protein-based

QUESTION 3: Choose the correct statement about viral evolution.

A. RNA and DNA viral genomes evolve at equal rates.

B. Cellular genomes mutate at a faster rate than viral genomes due to their large size and increased chance of replicative mistakes.

C. DNA viruses mutate faster than RNA viruses because thymine is more susceptible to mutation than uracil.

D. RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses due to a lack of proofreading replicative enzymes.

QUESTION 4: Your elderly patient is affected by shingles. After careful observation, you note that the virus responsible for the infection has an icosahedral capsid, is enveloped, and has double-stranded linear DNA as its genetic material. Based on this information, in which of the following viral families would you group this viral pathogen?

QUESTION 5: Which of the following is a key difference between lytic and lysogenic bacteriophage replication cycles?

A. Lysogenic bacteriophages release via host cell lysis, whereas lytic bacteriophages bud off from the host cell membrane.

B. The lytic replication cycle ends with host cell lysis and release of newly formed bacteriophage particles, whereas lysogenic replication leads to prophage formation.

C. Lytic replication requires an uncoating step, whereas in lysogenic replication, the bacteriophage's nucleic acid is directly injected into the host cell.

D. Whereas lytic replication enables the infection of several hosts, lysogenic replication only allows for infection of a single host cell.

QUESTION 6: Which of the following is an unsuitable culture method for an animal virus?

A. Direct inoculation of virus onto blood agar

B. Live animal inoculation