BIO 1130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Carnotite, Citric Acid Cycle, Malonyl-Coa

30. In final step of the triacylglycerol biosynthesis, which of the following is added to the diacylglycerol?

A. Acetyl-CoA

B. Phosphatidic acid

C. Fatty acyl-CoA

D. Glycerol-3-P

31. The activation of long chain fatty acids requires which of the following?

A. 2 ATPs

B. 2 ATPs and Co-A

C. 2 ATP, CoA and fatty-acyl CoA

D. 2 ATPs and a fatty acid.

32. What is the metabolic pathway that does not involve succinyl-CoA?

A. Ketone bodies to acetyl CoA

B. Odd chain fatty acid oxidation

C. Even chain fatty acid oxidation

D. TCA cycle

33. In order to break down fatty acids, they are first transported into the mitochondrial matrix by conversion of the fatty acid from a covalent complex with CoA to one with:

A. Citrate.

B. Oxaloacetate.

C. Malate.

D. Carnitine.

E. Pyruvate.

34. Regarding carnitine shuttle, the enzyme translocase involves which of the following pair?

A. Fatty acyl & CoA

B. Fatty acyl-carnitine & carnitine

C. Fatty acyl CoA & carnitine

D. Fatty acyl & carnitine

35. The family of drugs that are called "statins" (e.g. lipitor) are effective at lowering plasma levels of cholesterol because they:

A. slow the rate of cholesterol uptake from plasma into the cell.

B. increase the rate of synthesis of cholesterol inside the cell.

C. inhibit the activity of a key enzyme in the cholesterol synthetic pathway.

D. prevent the synthesis of Mevalonate

___ 25- The Krebs cycle begins with the union of acetyl CoA with oxaloacetate forming citrate, allowing oxidative decarboxylation reactions to occur, and ends with the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate. Using this information and your knowledge of the Krebs cycle, how many net carbons does the citric acid cycle gain?
A) 0 carbons
B) 1 carbon
C) 2 carbons
D) 4 carbons
___ 26- Directly from the Krebs cycle we can obtain:
A) ATP
B) GTP and NADPH
C) ATP and NADPH
D) ATP, GTP, and NADPH
___ 27- Which of the following is not an intermediary of the Krebs cycle?
A) oxaloacetate
B) citrate
C) succinyl CoA
D) acetyl CoA
___ 28- How many di nucleotides are reduced by four turns of the Krebs cycle?
A) 1 FADH2 and 4 NADH
B) 2 FADH2 and 8 NADH
C) 4 FADH2 and 12 NADH
D) 1 FAD and 4 NAD +

1. Which is an w-3 fatty acid?

A) B) C) D) E) None ofthese

2. In many cases, cellular signal transduction is mediated by amembrane-associated G-protein complex. Which is not right aboutthis protein complex?

A) The complex is made of α-, β-, and γ-subunit.

B) The G_sα-subunit has a GTPase activity.

C) Depending on the receptor types, eitherG_sα-subunit or G_iα-subunit is used.

D) Signal transduction through G-proteins ultimately regulatesprotein phosphorylation.

E) None of the above.

3. Which statement is not right about the pyruvatedehydrogenase?

A) This enzyme is located in the mitochondria.

B) This enzyme consists of three different enzymatic subunits(E1, E2, and E3).

C) This enzyme catalyzes the reaction: Pyruvate + CoA + NAD ®Acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH

D) This enzyme also uses TPP (thiamine pyrophosphate), lipoicacid, and FAD as cofactors.

E) Despite its complexity, this enzyme is not an importantregulation point of TCA cycle.

4. To maintain a proper rate of the TCA cycle, oxaloacetate isreplenished periodically. To increase [oxaloacetate], ___X____ isturned on but the rest step of TCA cycled is turned off byphosphorylation of __Y__.

A) X = Glyoxylate cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate dehydrogenase

B) X = Glyoxylate cycle :::::: Y = isocitrate lyase

C) X = Qcycle :::::: Y = isocitrate dehydrogenase

D) X = Qcycle :::::: Y = isocitrate lyase

E) None of the above.

5. Assume you have three NADH and one FADH₂.Calculate the total numbers of H⁺ pumped into theinter-membrane space and the maximal number of ATP produced insidethe matrix.

A) 40 H⁺ and 12 ATP
B) 40 H⁺ and 11 ATP
C) 36 H⁺ and 12 ATP

D) 36 H⁺ and 11 ATP
E) None of the above.

I put the following

1. D

2. D

3. E.

4. idk

5. idk

Can someone help me out for 4 & 5 and reassure I got 1-3correct! Thanks