BIO 1130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Homologous Chromosome, Directional Selection, Polyploid
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BIO 1130 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Population and genetics and natural selection based on mendelian genetics. Can come from a mixing of alleles and chromosomal abnormalities. Basic terms: allele, phenotype, genotype, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant and recessive. 50% or original characteristics (25% one original, 25% the other) Hardy and weinberg created an equation to predict allele frequency in the next generation. Uses gene frequencies instead of characteristics like in punnett squares. P2 +2pq + q2 = 1: if this is true, microevolution is not occurring, p = frequency of one gene, q = frequency of the other gene. Only is true when microevolution does not occur because then, the allele frequencies should remain the same and be predictable. Microevolution doesn"t occur if: there is no natural selection, there is random mating, if there is no mutation, if there is no genetic drift the population is large, there is no gene flow (some genes have left) When these situations are true, p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1.
