SOCI 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Electroconvulsive Therapy, Canadian Medical Association, Psychopharmacology
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Usually elites who devise norms & laws: rule enforcers. People who threaten to actually enforce the rules. If no one enforces the law, then breaking it is not deviant. One way to identify whether something is deviant is whether there is stigma attached. Mid 1600s: europeans began to hospitalize anyone who was deviant: criminal or insane. Confinement: a way to remove the person from society. 1800s: this model of care had come under fire for being harmful, electroconvulsive therapy, surgical lobotomy and even more radical intrusions. 1970s-1980s: saw the rise of a new wave of psychopharmacology that allowed people to be treated on an outpatient basis. 1981: 3. 2 million prescriptions for anti-depression in canada. 2000: 14. 5 million prescriptions for anti-depression in canada. Rate of deinstitutionalization was much faster than the shifting of resources to communities. Families to cope with mental health issues. 13% of male offenders in federal custody present at admission with mental health issue: a double since 1997.