PHRM 311 Lecture Notes - Diverticulitis, Glut2, Dietary Fiber
Document Summary
Anatomy and physiology of the gi system (part 4) Excessive chloride secretion can exceed the absorptive capacity of the intestines. Cholera (vibrio cholerae) secretes a toxin which greatly increases camp, leads to a large chloride secretion into the lumen. Pathogenic e coli (traveller"s diarrhea) excretes a toxin which promotes chloride release by elevating cgmp. Chloride produces a sustained outpouring of fluid into the lumen diarrhea. Failure to release chloride (e. g. cystic fibrosis) intestinal obstructions due to lack of sufficient fluid in the lumen (low fluid levels can result in constipation) Starch polymers of glucose from plants, broken down by amylase. Lactose disaccharide (glucose-galactose) broken down by lactase. Sucrose disaccharide (glucose-fructose) broken down by sucrase-isomaltase. Two specific transporters take up the monosaccharides, glucose transporters (gluts) and. Glucose is absorbed in the small intestine coupled to sodium. Glucose moves from the lumen across the epithelium via the na-coupled glucose transporter (sglt1) Exits through the basolateral membrane (blm) via glucose transporter 2 (glut2)
