PCTH 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Polyuria, Hypothyroidism, Bipolar Disorder
21 Nov 2017
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Bipolar disorder: formerly called manic depression, characterized by drastic mood changes alter(cid:374)ati(cid:374)g (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) e(cid:454)tre(cid:373)e (cid:862)highs(cid:863) (mania) and e(cid:454)tre(cid:373)e (cid:862)lo(cid:449)s(cid:863) (cid:894)depressio(cid:374)(cid:895, affects ~1% of the population, average age of onset ~25 years old. In addition to symptoms of depression, people with bipolar disorder also experience symptoms of mania that include: excessively high or elated mood, extreme optimism, euphoria, hyperactivity, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, having grandiose or delusional ideas. Indicated for the treatment of bipolar disorder: mechanism of action not clearly understood. In general more effective in treating mania than depression, therefore often used in combination with antidepressants (antidepressant monotherapy should be avoided in patients with bipolar disorder) Interacts with na+ and k+; may alter electrical conductivity: >80% of patients experience side effects: Hypothyroidism (abnormally low activity of thyroid gland leads to retardation in growth and mental development) Gi symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea: benefits: prevention of suicide by reducing relapse of mood disorder, other evidence: it reduces aggression and impulsivity.
