BIOL 155 Lecture 6: BIOL 155 - Lecture 5 Notes

57 views3 pages

Verified Note

tealcamel763

24 Sep 2018

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

BIOL 155 verified notes

6/25View all

BIOL 155 Lecture Notes - Fall 2018 Lecture 5 - Transfer RNA, Messenger RNA, Cell membrane

BIOL 155 Lecture 6: BIOL 155 - Lecture 5 Notes

BIOL 155 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Axon Hillock, Myelin, Semipermeable Membrane

Document Summary

Ubc biol 155 lecture 5 notes nervous system. Describe the important anatomical structures of a neuron and relate each structure to a physiological role. Define resting membrane potential and describe its electrochemical basis. Compare and contrast graded and action potentials. Explain how action potentials are generated and propagated along neurons. Define absolute and relative refractory periods and explain their significance. Define saltatory conduction and compare it to conduction along unmyelinated fibers. Define a synapse and describe how information is transferred across them. Distinguish between excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Describe how synaptic events are integrated and modified. Define summation and differentiate between temporal and spatial summation. Define neurotransmitter and describe how they are released and subsequently removed. Describe common patterns of neuron organization and neuronal processing. Describe the basic concept of sensory transduction. Compare and contrast receptor and action potentials. Discuss the mechanisms of sensory coding of information. Compare and contrast stretch, flexor and crossed extensor reflexes.

Related Questions

2. Does our understanding of neural networks adequately explain the complex functions of the human nervous system? In your answer, you should include such terms as emergent properties, affective behaviors, cognitive behaviors, neurons (and the functional anatomy of each of its sections), action potentials, graded potentials, electrochemical gradient, depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, voltage-gated Na+ channel, voltage-gated K+ channel, Na+ /K+ -ATPase, EPSP, IPSP, temporal summation, spatial summation, trigger zone of the axon hillock, myelination, salutatory conduction, nodes of Ranvier, axon terminal, voltage-gated Ca+ channel, synaptic vesicle, neurotransmitter, and synapse. You should be able to describe a few nervous pathologies, how they arise, and how they affect normal organismal function.

Tetraethylammonium (TEA) is a drug that blocks voltage-gated potassium channels. What effect would this have on an action potential?

(a)Prevent the rising phase

(b)Prevent the cell from reaching the threshold to trigger an action potential

(c)Prevent or prolong the falling phase

(d)None of the above

The hyperpolarization phase of the action potential is due to:

(a)The opening of voltage-gated Cl- channels

(b)Prolonged opening of voltage gated K+ channels

(c)The closure of resting Na+ channels

(d)Rapid inactivation of voltage-gated K+ channels

The period when it is difficult to initiate another action potential for several milliseconds due to voltage-gated sodium channel inactivation is referred to as the:

(a)Relative refractory period

(b)Absolute refractory period

(c)Resting period

(d)Hyperpolarization period

In the human central nervous system, Gap junctions are found:

(a)Only between neurons

(b)Only between astrocytes

(c)In both neurons and astrocytes

(d)In all cells

Small molecule transmitters such as acetylcholine are synthesized in:

(a)The nerve terminal

B) The cell body and transported to the nerve terminal

C) Synaptic vesicles

D) Endoplasmic reticulum

Prior to Otto Loewiâs classical experiment, which of the following was not known:

(a)stimulation of the vagus nerve slows the heart

(b)extracts of frog heart, made following vagal nerve stimulation, slow the heart

(c)some acetylcholine effects are similar to those produced by muscarine

(d)vagal nerve stimulation releases a substance which slows the heart

Which of the following is most important in determining if neurotransmission is excitatory or inhibitory?

(a)The structure of the synapse

(b)The neurotransmitter released by the presynaptic neuron

(c)The neurotransmitter receptor

(d)The strength of the stimulus

Benzodiazepines such as Valium allosterically regulate GABA receptors by:

(a)Binding at receptor sites other than the transmitter binding site

(b)Binding at the transmitter (GABA) binding site on the receptor

(c)Blocking the action of the endogenous transmitter

(d)Mimicking the action of the endogenous transmitter

GABA-A receptors are ligand-gated Cl- channels. The equilibrium potential of Cl- is -65 mV. At the neuronal resting membrane potential of -65 mV, GABA binding to the GABA-A receptor would result in the opening the Cl- channel, resulting in:

(a)no net flow of Cl- ions

(b)Cl- inflow and hyperpolarization

(c)Cl- outflow and depolarization

(d)Cl- outflow and hyperpolarization

At the mammalian neuromuscular junction, the released neurotransmitter acts on:

(a)muscarinic receptors

(b)nicotinic receptors

(c)adrenergic receptors

(d)Beta receptors

Neurotransmitters are packaged into synaptic vesicles by:

(a)endocytosis following transmitter release

(b)presynaptic membrane transporters

(c)vesicular transporters

(d)all of the above

. Which of the following are NOT types of ion channels?

Voltage-gated

(a)Ligand-gated

(b)G protein coupled receptor (GPCR)-gated

(c)Leak channels

(d)NONE of the above

NMDA receptors are unique in that their ion channel is:

(a)Ligand-gated

(b)Voltage-gated

(c)Ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels

(d)GPCR-gated

. Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding Catecholamine neurotransmitters

(a)Includes Dopamine, Norepinerphrine, and Epinephrine

(b)Contain a Catechol Ring

(c)Synthesized from Tryptophan

(d)Are produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the upper brainstem

The largest and most diverse group of receptors in eukaryotes is:

(a)Ligand gated receptors

(b)Glutamate receptors

(c)G-Protein coupled receptors

(d)Allosteric receptors

The most abundant G-protein coupled receptor in the brain is:

(a)Glutamate receptors

(b)Acetylcholine receptors

(c)Cannabinoid receptors

(d)Dopamine receptors

Which of the following drugs DOES NOT block voltage-gated Na+ channels

(a)Lidocaine

(b)Riluzole

(c)Reserpine

(d)Tetrodotoxin

Sarin, a nerve gas, exerts its toxicity by:

(a)blocking nicotinic receptors

(b)inhibiting choline acetyltransferase

(c)inhibiting acetylcholinesterase

(d)inhibiting voltage-gated Na+ channels

Botulinum Toxin (BoTox) interferes with transmitter release by:

(a)cleaving protein(s) involved in transmitter release

(b)blocking voltage-gated Ca2+ channels

(c)blocking voltage-gated Na+ channels

(d)blocking voltage-gated K+ channels

Atropine is:

(a)An agonist of the acetylcholine ionotropic receptor

(b)An antagonist of the acetylcholine ionotropic receptor

(c)An agonist of the acetylcholine metabotropic receptor

(d)An antagonist of the acetylcholine metabotropic receptor

BIOL 155 Lecture 6: BIOL 155 - Lecture 5 Notes

BIOL 155 Lecture Notes - Fall 2018 Lecture 5 - Transfer RNA, Messenger RNA, Cell membrane

BIOL 155 Lecture 6: BIOL 155 - Lecture 5 Notes

BIOL 155 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Axon Hillock, Myelin, Semipermeable Membrane

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL 155 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Sliding Filament Theory, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Myocyte

BIOL 153 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential, Resting Potential, Peripheral Nervous System

BIOL 153 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Multiple Sclerosis, Caffeine, Acetylcholine

Related Questions