BIOL 121 Lecture Notes - Fall 2018 Lecture 7 - Zygosity, Mendelian inheritance, Meiosis
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Genes for seed shape and seed colour assort independently, b/c they are located on different chromosomes. Non-homologous chromosomes assort independently during meiosis i. Each gamete carries only 1 allele for seed shape, b/c have segregated during meiosis. Uses a parent that contributes only recessive alleles to its offspring to help determine unknown genotype of second parent. Patterns that occur as alleles pass from one generation to the next: 1) segregation of discrete, paired genes into separate gametes: independent assortment of genes that affect different traits. Affected offspring usually born to unaffected parents. If both parents are heterozygous, 1/4 offspring will be affected. Appear in both sexes w/ equal frequency. Affected offspring must have an affected parent. & other is unaffected, 1/2 offspring will be affected. Appear in both sexes; but females > males. Affected daughters must have affected mother or father. Affected mother, if het. , pass trait to sons, and daughters. Appear in both sexes, but males > females.
