BIOL 112 Lecture 14: BIOL 112- Translation

36 views8 pages

violetwhale788

4 Nov 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

jakbfousda and 39238 others unlocked

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

Verified Note

59 documents

Document Summary

List rnas involved in the process of translation, and describe their roles. Describe the features of the genetic code ( universal , redundant and non- overlapping ). Explain the function of amino acyl trna synthetase enzymes and why they are described as the translators of the genetic information. Describe the roles of the ribosome binding sites (rbs) in bacteria, the start codon, and stop codons on a mrna. Identify the structural features of the ribosome and their importance in the process of translation. Explain what is meant by wobble in trna binding. Describe the general events in the three-step process of translation (initiation, elongation, and termination) and the directionality of translation. Predict the anticodon of a trna for a given amino acid using the codon table. Translate a stretch of dna coding sequence into its polypeptide product. Some genes in bacteria are grouped together, rare in eukaryotes.

Related Questions

What are codons, the genetic code, redundancy, and reading frames?

What are the important structural features of a tRNA?

What is the relationship between the number of possible codons, amino acids, and tRNAs?

What is tRNA charging? What is the enzyme responsible for tRNA charging?

What are ribosomes made of? What are the roles of the large and small subunit? What are the E, P, and A sites? What is the function of the rRNAs?

What are the steps in translation including initiation, elongation, and termination? What are the roles of the initiator tRNA, translation initiation factors, EF-Tu/EF1, EF-G/EF2, and release factors?

What is the match between a codon and tRNA proofread?

What is a polysome?

What do proteasomes, ubiquitin, and proteases have to do with protein degradation (proteolysis)?

20. Compare and contrast the events that must take place to form the open complex in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

21. Describe in detail the function of a âpromoterâ in transcription. Where is its location? Explain how the factor recognizes promoters.

22. Describe the 2 mechanisms of termination of transcription in E. coli.

23. What is the function of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases? Explain what the result would be if an organism could not produce functional histone deacetylases.

24. What is the function of the 5â Cap and poly A tail in eukaryotic Pre-RNAâs?

25. What is alternative splicing? How can it be advantageous to an organism? Be sure to include in your discussion exons and introns.

26. How does an amino acid become attached to a tRNA molecule? What mechanism ensures amino acids get attached to the correct tRNA

27. What is meant by the phrase âthe genetic code is termed degenerateâ? What is the âwobble baseâ and why is it called this?

28. One of the fundamental tenets of translation is that codons are read in triplets. Discuss the experiment that proved the genetic code is read in triplets.

29. Describe the structure of ribosomes and how they are assembled.

30. Describe the stages of Translation-Initiation, Elongation and Termination.

1. _________________________ is the name of the process that produces proteins using RNA molecules.

a.Transcription

b Translation

c. Replication

d. Mutagenesis

2. The peptide bonding site on the ribosome:

a. A site

b. P site

c. E site

d. D site

3. The name given to the bond formed between two amino acids.

a. Hydrogen bond

b. Double bond

c. Peptide bond

d. Negative bond

4. __________________________ is the movement of the mRNA molecule on the ribosome to open up the A-site for the new incoming amino acid.

a. Transformation

b. Mutation

c. Translocation

d. Initiation

5. What does the term semi-conservative mean.

a. Replication of RNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of RNA and one new strand of RNA.

b. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA.

c. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of new strands of nucleotides.

d. Transcription of RNA is semi conservative.

6. This molecule functions during protein synthesis to recognize the codon and bring the proper amino acid back to the ribosome for translation.

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. DNA polymerase

7. What is meant by the base-pairing rule.

a. Bases on a single strand of DNA are always found as pairs

b. Adenine always base pairs with guanine; cytosine with thymine

c. Adenine always base pairs with thymine; cytosine with guanine

d. Bases on a single strand of RNA are found in pair.

8. In this step of protein synthesis, amino acids are added to a growing polypeptide chain.

a. Initiation.

b. Elongation.

c. Termination.

d. Transpiration.

9. Three complementary bases found in a mRNA are called ____________________.

a. Anti-codon.

b. Triplet.

c. Doublet.

d. Codons.

10. Which statement best describes the job or function of the messenger RNA.

a. Carries the map of the gene sequence in the form of codons to the cytoplasm

for translation of the protein.

b. It transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

c. It forms the ribosomes.

d. It helps replicate DNA.

ceruleangnat663

BIOL 112 Lecture 14: BIOL 112- Translation

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL 112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Start Codon, Transfer Rna, Reading Frame

BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Aminoacyl-Trna, Ribosome-Binding Site, Start Codon

BIOL 112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase, Aminoacyl-Trna, Stop Codon

Related Questions