BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Tata-Binding Protein, Tata Box, Gene Expression
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BIOL 112 Full Course Notes
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Consider the structure of a bacterial chromosome compared to eukaryotic chromosomes. Eukaryotic genomes are much more complex compared to bacterial gene packaging. In bacteria: dna is not packaged w/ many proteins to form chromatin. Promoters are much more accessible to dna pol, so the genes are often in a default on state for expression. In eukaryotes: the dna is tightly packaged w/ proteins, and must be unpackaged (de-condensed) for rna pol to access the dna and start transcription. Transcriptional control/ regulation is more complex in eukaryotes. In bacteria: transcriptional initiation and regulation is less complex in bacteria. In eukaryotes: involves more proteins binding the promoter! Gene expression is further controlled by more proteins binding additional regulatory regions on the dna. In multi-cellular organisms, we have all these types of tissues and specialized cells. These cells have their identify b/c of what genes are expressed in them. They have identical blueprint, but some specify skin cells, some specify others.
