FRHD 2270 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ecological Validity, Convergent Validity, Negative Relationship
1 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
SEPT 19
Observations
• There needs to be a balance between context and details
• Naturalistic: as is
o Real-time (playground)
o Variables (what you are observing)
▪ Something that will take on different value under different circumstances
• Weight
o Need to decide where the focus will be on, when, and how often
• Structured: controlled environment
o Create setting to elicit potential behaviours/reactions
o Behaviour that is rare/not often to observe naturally
Sampling Behaviour with Tasks
• Create task for children to engage in
• Memory game, pointing to pictures
• Ecological validity
o Ecological: environment
o Validity: accuracy
Self-Reports
• Self: personal
• Questionnaires/interviews
• Going diretly to the soure
• Demands characteristics/social desirability: respondents answering based on what they think
the researcher wants to hear
Bottom Line
• Reliable: consistent, over time
• Valid: is it measuring what it is claiming to?
o Convergent validity: 2 measures coming together – one is well established
o Divergent validity: 2 measures opposite – happy, sad
▪ Negative relationship
Correlational Studies
• Correlation = related = associated = link
• Not causational
• R ranging from -1 to 1
Experimental Studies
• Controlled environment
• Independent variable: what can be manipulated (chosen)
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