BIOL 1080 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Genetic Variation, Dna Replication, Glut4

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 1080
• Professor: David Dyck

Document Summary

Ge(cid:374)eti(cid:272) (cid:448)ariatio(cid:374): (cid:858)lo(cid:374)ge(cid:448)it(cid:455) ge(cid:374)es(cid:859) (cid:272)a(cid:374) i(cid:374)flue(cid:374)(cid:272)e o(cid:374)e(cid:859)s lifespa(cid:374) Replace a single nucleotide pair: replace a-t with c-g. Occur in the noncoding regions in the dna some of these are promoter region. The protei(cid:374)(cid:859)s (cid:272)o(cid:373)positio(cid:374) is (cid:374)ot (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ged, (cid:271)ut the a(cid:373)ou(cid:374)t of protei(cid:374) produ(cid:272)ed (cid:373)a(cid:455) change. Correlation: higher il-6 is correlated with an increased mortality rate. Polymorphism in the promoter of il-6 produces excess il-6, increasing the mortality rate. Errors in replication become more frequent as we age. Mitochondrial genome damage occurs 10x more often than the nuclear genome. This is because there is generation of reactive oxygen species. Oxygen is broken down and produces reactive oxygen species (oxygen with an odd # of electrons) This causes protein damage, nuclear dna damage and apoptosis, which leads to aging. Pol-g mouse: mutations in dna polymerase, errors in dna replication. These mice show accelerated signs of aging weight loss, hair loss, curvature of spine.