NURS341 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Well-Order, Empirical Research, Dependent And Independent Variables
4 May 2018
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NURS 341 Statistics (chapters 1 and 2 readings)
Chapter 1 – Introduction to statistics and levels of measurement
Empirical method – using systematic observations (gather data in well-ordered manner to
ensure accuracy) and experimentation
Population versus Sample
o Variables – Changing characteristics being measured
o Has associated probability – how likely the outcome will occur
o Sample – Subset of a population
o Statistic – estimate generated from a sample
o Parameter – a measured characteristic of a population (ex. average temperature)
o Statistic is to sample as parameter is to population
Quantitative versus Qualitative
o Quantitative measurement – numeric amount or measure (ex. actual temperature)
o Qualitative measurement – describes or characterizes things (ex. warm, cold)
Independent versus Dependent variables
o Independent variable – measured and controlled by experimenter (predictors of
outcomes)
o Dependent variable – outcome
Continuous versus Categorical variables
Continuous variables – infinite number of potential values, value falls on continuum containing
in-between values
Categorical variables – finite number of classification groups or categories
o Restricted to a specific value, does not have fractional or in-between values
Levels of measurement
o Deteries hat tpe of aalsis ou’re ale to perfor i stud
o Nominal data
o Indicates difference between two answers
o One neither greater nor less than the other
o Not in particular order
o Categories elusie/ehaustie a’t aser oth or either
o Ex. patiet’s geder ale or feale
o Ordinal data
o Exhaustive/exclusive
o Rank ordered
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Nurs 341 statistics (chapters 1 and 2 readings) Chapter 1 introduction to statistics and levels of measurement. Empirical method using systematic observations (gather data in well-ordered manner to ensure accuracy) and experimentation. Quantitative versus qualitative: quantitative measurement numeric amount or measure (ex. actual temperature, qualitative measurement describes or characterizes things (ex. warm, cold) Independent variable measured and controlled by experimenter (predictors of outcomes: dependent variable outcome. Continuous variables infinite number of potential values, value falls on continuum containing in-between values. Categorical variables finite number of classification groups or categories: restricted to a specific value, does not have fractional or in-between values. Levels of measurement: deter(cid:373)i(cid:374)es (cid:449)hat t(cid:455)pe of a(cid:374)al(cid:455)sis (cid:455)ou"re a(cid:271)le to perfor(cid:373) i(cid:374) stud(cid:455, nominal data. Indicates difference between two answers: one neither greater nor less than the other, not in particular order, categories e(cid:454)(cid:272)lusi(cid:448)e/e(cid:454)hausti(cid:448)e (cid:894)(cid:272)a(cid:374)"t a(cid:374)s(cid:449)er (cid:271)oth or (cid:374)either(cid:895, ex. patie(cid:374)t"s ge(cid:374)der (cid:894)(cid:373)ale or fe(cid:373)ale(cid:895, ordinal data, exhaustive/exclusive, rank ordered.
