BPK 142 Lecture Notes - Ejection Fraction, Stroke Volume, Cardiac Output

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browncaribou712

18 Oct 2011

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Biomedical Physio & Kines

Course

BPK 142

Professor

Paul Lee

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Document Summary

1: cardiac output during exercise, cardiac output and oxygen transport. Cardiac output (q) - the amount of __blood___ pumped by either the left or right ventricle of the heart per _minute___. Both the left and right ventricles must have the __same___ cardiac output so that blood flow through the pulmonary and systemic circuits is maintained equally. Stroke volume - the amount of __blood__ pumped by either the left or right ventricle per __beat__. Cardiac output = ___heart rate____ x __stroke volume____ Since the blood transports __oxygen___, when cardiac output increases in exercise more ___oxygen___ will be transported to the working muscles. This relationship can be expressed by the fick equation: Vo2 = hr x sv x (a-vo2) diff where: vo2 = _oxygen__ uptake or utilization by the tissues in the body (a-vo2) diff = arterial-mixed venous __oxygen__ difference. Therefore, in order to increase oxygen uptake, you must increase ___cardiac output___ and/or extract more __oxygen___ from the arterial blood.

Related Questions

For a normal heart, having two pumps via left and right ventricle, estimate the Power (in Watts) supplied to the pulmonary and systemic blood circulation? You can use the following values: Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) = 105 mmHg, Right Atrial Pressure = 2 mmHg, Left Atrial Pressure = 6 mmHg, Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure = 17 mmHg, Cardiac Output = 5LPM, Blood Density = 1025 kg/m3, Blood Viscosity = 4e-3 Pa.s

emeraldhound799

Rest activity

min volume 19700ml air/min 43400 ml air /min

breathing rate 13breat/min 21

heartrate 72beats/min 112 beats/min

blood pressure 118/70 158/88

% O2 inhaled air 20.94% (.)2094ml O2/ml air) same

% O2 exhaled air 18.94% (.1894 ml O2/ml air) same

a) claculate Tidal volume [ml air/breath]
b) calculate Oxygen consumption (VO2) [ ml O2 consumed/min] -
c) calculate Oxygen content of arterial blood (CO2a) [ml O2/mlblood] -
d) calculate Oxygen content of venous blood (CO2v) [ml O2/ml blood]-
You need to know that there is 13.3 g hemoglobin/100 ml blood, and1.3
ml O2 binds to each gram of hemoglobin. Assume arterial blood is100%
saturated with oxygen, whereas mixed venous blood is 60%saturated
when the subject is resting.
e) caluclate Cardiac Output (CO) [ ml blood/min ] -
f) caulculate Stroke Volume (SV) [ ml blood/beat] -

g) Tidal volume [ml air/breath]
h) Oxygen consumption (VO2) [ ml O2 consumed/min]
i) Stroke Volume (SV) [ ml blood/beat]
Assume change in stroke volume is the same as the change inpulse
pressure when going from rest to exercise - s
j) Cardiac Output (CO) [ ml blood/min ] -
k) Oxygen content of arterial blood (CO2a) [ml O2/ml blood] = sameas when resting
l) Oxygen content of venous blood (CO2v) [ml O2/ml blood] -

Now answer these questions:

1. By what multiplication factor (e.g. 2 times, 3 times, etc.)did oxygen consumption
increase over resting when the person exercised?
2. a. Did minute volume increase by the same factor that oxygenconsumption
increased? If not, what made up the difference?
b. Did cardiac output increase by the same factor that oxygenconsumption
increased? If not, what made up the difference?
3. What was most responsible for the change in minute volume? i.e.compare the
factorial change in breathing rate with that of tidal volume.
4. What was most responsible for the change in cardiac output? i.e.compare the
factorial change in heart rate with that of stroke volume.
5. Calculate total peripheral resistance during rest and exercise(see pg 21). What
physiological changes led to the change in peripheral resistance?In what part of the
body did they occur, and why is this adaptive?

ivorymuskrat878

I know the answers are A, A, C and D but I don't know how to arrive at those answers! Could you please walk me through th calculations.

If, Alice's cardiac output and tidal volume both increase by 50% but respiratory rate remains unaltered, what effect would that have on _______ (compared to just before the increase in cardiac output and tidal volume)

88) PO2 at the alveoli: a) increased by 10 mmHg, b) largely unchanged, c) decreased by 10 mmHg

89) [O2] at the left atrium: a) increased by 20 %, b) largely unchanged, c) decreased by 5-10%, d) decreased by 30-50%

90) PO2 at the right ventricle (mixed venous PO2):

a) increased by 10 mmHg, b) largely unchanged, c) decreased by 10 mmHg

91) Oxygen delivery to the systemic tissues

a) decreased by 2/3

b) decreased by 10-20%

c) largely unchanged

d) increased by 20-40%

e) increased by 100%

BPK 142 Lecture Notes - Ejection Fraction, Stroke Volume, Cardiac Output

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