PSY 302 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Tabula Rasa, Prenatal Development, Middle Ages
14 Jun 2018
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Tuesday, January 23, 2018
CHAPTER 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO CHILD DEVELOPMENT
LECTURE:
HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS
Plato and Aristotle
- Both believed that children were the next generation
- Plato believed children should be obedient and have self-discipline
- Aristotle believed the way you approach child should be unique to that child, meet the needs of that
child
- In the middle ages, they considered children and adults the same (Mini-adults)
John-Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- John-Locke Was similar to Plato, children were blank slate and you are the controller of how to create
them which would done through discipline and gradually get them to have freedom
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau was more relaxed and give them freedom to discover themselves
Darwin
- Proposed different method to study children
- Evolution sociology
Freud and Watson
- Finally created child development theories
- Freud based on sexual urges
- Watson Behaviourist view point, how society conditions your development
WHAT IS DEVELOPMENT SOCIOLOGY
- We are interested in patterns staying the same and decrease
- Pre-natal development is important its where most of the stuff happens
- You are still growing after 18
- The newer theory is conception to death
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Tuesday, January 23, 2018
LIFE SPAN
- 8 stages of life span:
- Parental
- Infancy and Toddlerhood
- Preschool
- Middle childhood
- Adolescent
- Young adulthood
- Middle adult hood
- Late adulthood
MAJOR AREAS
- Physical development
- Cognitive development
- Decision making
- Language ability
- Intelligence
- Perception
- Psychological Development
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Tuesday, January 23, 2018
NATURE AND NURTURE
- Important debate
- Nature – DNA, Genetics
- Nurture – Environmental factors
- Both play a role and the interaction between the two plays a key role in development
- Example: Height
- Genetics will tell you your range of possibility you will fall under
- The environment will tell you where you fall in the estimated range
CONTINUITY/DISCONTINUITY
- Continuous – constantly changing in growth at a steady rate
- Discontinuous – you have periods of growth and then periods of stability – on and off
- They are both right it depends on the situation your looking at
NORMATIVE VS IDIOGRAPHIC
- Researcher approaches:
- Normative: Explaining average development the common aspects of development Example: Puppetry
- Idiographic: The differences between people. Explain the variations and finding them some will be
genetics other are nurture
CRITICAL VS SENSITIVE PERIODS
Critical
- there’s a specific window of time where an aspet of deelopet should happe ad if it does’t it a
affect you
- Example: Cataracts – some kids are born with it, the specific surgery happens at 3-6 months
- They are developed in aging but some aspects in visual input will show deficit
Sensitive
- It’s a it ore lenient, ee if it does’t happe it ould’t cause permeant damage
- Example: Learning a second language, prior to puberty
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Both believed that children were the next generation. Plato believed children should be obedient and have self-discipline. Aristotle believed the way you approach child should be unique to that child, meet the needs of that child. In the middle ages, they considered children and adults the same (mini-adults) John-locke was similar to plato, children were blank slate and you are the controller of how to create them which would done through discipline and gradually get them to have freedom. Jean-jacques rousseau was more relaxed and give them freedom to discover themselves. Watson behaviourist view point, how society conditions your development. We are interested in patterns staying the same and decrease. Pre-natal development is important its where most of the stuff happens. The newer theory is conception to death. Both play a role and the interaction between the two plays a key role in development. Genetics will tell you your range of possibility you will fall under.
